08 May
The “Beauty Premium”: A Very Real and Powerful Phenomenon
Posted in Uncategorized on 08.05.12
Studies consistently demonstrate that physical appearance does matter and that people intuitively equate beauty with concepts like good-better, smart-successful and important-valuable. Consider these fourteen beautiful facts:
On measures of affect and mood, physically attractive people score higher than less physically attractive people.
People perceive physically attractive people as smarter, more successful, more sociable, more dominant, sexually warmer, mentally healthier and higher in self-esteem than their physically unattractive counterparts. While this “beauty is good” effect is moderately strong22, studies show that attractive people are neither more nor less intelligent than less attractive people.
Physically attractive people are more relaxed and socially adept and less socially anxious and lonely than less physically attractive people.
We prefer to interact with people who are physically attractive28. For instance, physically attractive people are generally liked more than less physically attractive people13 and they have greater social popularity.
We are more likely to divulge personal information about ourselves to physically attractive people than we are to divulge less physically attractive people.
We are more likely to help a physically attractive person than we are a physically unattractive person.
If we are presented with a group of people and asked to use non-physical cues to identify who has psychopathology, we are more likely identify physically unattractive people as we are to identify more physically attractive people.
Physically attractive people with psychological disturbance are judged to be more maladjusted and to have a poorer prognosis than less physically attractive people with the same psychological disturbance.
A physically attractive person charged with the same crime as a less attractive person is more likely to be found not guilty of that crime.
In court cases in which the crime is sex-related, physically unattractive defendants are considered to be more dangerous than better-looking offenders.
This effect is often independent of the actual grooming or attire of the defendant.
Physically attractive individuals found guilty of a particular crime are more likely to receive more lenient sentences than less attractive defendants.
We are more drawn towards physically attractive strangers than to unattractive strangers of either sex10. For example, on a passenger train service in the UK, people avoided sitting next to people with physical deformities.
Good-looking faces trigger the same kinds of brain networks that are activated when people become addicted to cocaine and gambling.
There appears to be a universal, cross-cultural undesirability for people with facial disfigurements and other flaws. Even babies seem to prefer physically attractive faces to physically unattractive ones.
The natural tendency to ascribe all sorts of positive traits to beautiful people also means that we give them more breaks in life. This is nowhere more pronounced than in human resources. Physically attractive job candidates whose qualifications are similar to those of less attractive candidates are more likely to be hired for the same job. This effect is particularly pronounced when the job application is of average quality. If the application is exceptional, physical attractiveness plays less of a role in the selection process. The preference for physical attractiveness is often independent of actual grooming; the hiring bias occurs even against physically unattractive candidates who are well groomed.
Our personal bias based on our reading and understanding of the literature is that cultural and social factors do not influence preferences for physical attractiveness as much as we would like to think. First, there are certain features which people in all cultures find physically attractive16. Second, what may look like a unique cultural/social taste for certain types of bodies and faces may be, at bottom, a universal preference that expresses in terms of particular geographic conditions. For instance, men appear to have a universal preference for women whose bodies signal reproductive health.
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